Health Promotion And Its Effects On The Wellbeing

Health is usually a complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of a disease or infirmity. In current century people inherits good health, or some may have sickness at times or some may have serious illness. As the lifestyle changes, so does the people’s health changes (Human Kinetics, n.d). By having good health helps people to fully get involved in their communities and also to participate in different activities among the community. Health promotion is the procedure of enabling people to increase control over and enhancing their health. As it strengthens communities’ action and helps developing personal skills (Whanganui district health board, 2015). Health is a very general concept where a balance of factors can affect the wellbeing (Whanganui district health board, 2015). This essay will discuss the importance and application of two health promotion values which will be Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Human rights. Explain and discuss the importance of Te Tiriti o Waitangi to health promotion practice Te Tiriti o Waitangi is a very important document for Aotearoa (New Zealand). The name Te Tiriti O Waitangi was from a place in Bay of Islands, where it was first signed on 6th February, 1840 (New Zealand History, 2014).It is an agreement between the MÄ ori and English people. That was made between the British crown and about five hundred and thirty MÄ ori chiefs (New Zealand History, 2014). There are two versions of Treaty of Waitangi, one of them isShow MoreRelatedNursing Practice1222 Words   |  5 PagesPractice 1. How is health promotion defined? Wellness showcasing is the study of craft of helping people changes their way of life to move to a state of greatest wellbeing; the most extreme wellbeing protection scope health being the parity of physical, enthusiastic, open, religious, and discerning wellbeing (Kudzma, Mandle and Edelman, 2010). WHO depicts wellbeing showcasing as, the procedure of permitting people to build control over, and to enhance, their wellbeing. It goes past concentrationRead MoreAn Evaluation Will Be Deducted On The Health Inequalities Among Australians1689 Words   |  7 Pagesdeducted on the health inequalities among Australians. Secondly, a further evaluation to appraise and identify the causes, scope and impact on the health and well-being of [the] individual (s), families and community. Thirdly, describe the paradigms and accountabilities that Government and non-Government Organisations [NGO] assume across community services and health sectors to improve the health and wellbeing of Australians. Ad ditionally, reviewing the over-all health and wellbeing issues from service-Read MoreHealth Promotion Model And Mid Range Theory Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesPender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) and Mid-Range Theory. These theories differ in terms of the theorists’ backgrounds and their experiences, description of theory, assumptions, and application in nursing practice. Health Promotion Model and Mid-Range Theory The Health Promotion Model was developed by Dr. Nola J. Pender and is used globally for nursing education, research, and practice. This theory helps nursing professionals and practitioners to understand the main determinants of health behaviorsRead MoreSoul City Television Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagesentertainment function (Yach, 1992). This is a South African television series that was started in the early nineties. It also has, this television series reflects the social and improvement challenges looked by poor groups all over the place. It meshes wellbeing and social issues into genuine stories for the huge number of individuals who have developed to put stock in the capable messages of this extremely famous program. It is set in an imaginary city in South Africa called soul city whereby we find manyRead MoreTobacco Smoke And Its Effects On Health1406 Words   |  6 Pagessmoke is immensely harmful to one’s health. Cigarettes contain about 600 ingredients, when this burned can generate 7,000 chemicals according to American Lung Association Many ad campaigns and literatures have been published on the detriments of smoking. Medical reports further shows that half of all long-term smokers will die from a smoking-related disease. This unhealthy practice must be addressed by the government to lessen the medical cost to treat the ill effects of smoking. Despite all availableRead MoreBefore The Beginning Of Our Discussion On Professional1309 Words   |  6 Pagesguidelines; ethical and moral which are required from healthcare professionals. This includes Occupational Health and Safety and more specific guidelines for healthcare professionals such as those set out by The Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA, 2017). The healthcare field deals with the promotion of health and wellbeing with a commitment to serving its mission to improve the health of the population while still conforming to the ethical and moral principles that all professionalsRead MoreThe Social Determinants of Health and Wellbeing1657 Wor ds   |  7 PagesSocial Determinants of Health Wellbeing. In the last few years, nurses and other healthcare professionals (HCPs) are under the spotlight of the media and the public due to issues addressed in documents such as The Francis Report (2010). This is good in a sense though as it gives us the opportunity to better ourselves as HCPs and improve the standard of care for everyone. It is now a widely known idea that there are many different factors that affect our health and wellbeing not just biologicalRead MoreIdentifying And Understanding The Factors That Shape Health1636 Words   |  7 PagesIdentifying and understanding the factors that shape health in later life has become a crucial issue in the recent decades both in the United States and globally. The basis for this is that the size of the aging population is fast swelling than ever before due to low fertility and increased life expectancy. Ideally, the element of social support has been thought to offer a potential pathway for the promotion of health among the aged adults. Fundamentally, social support is one of the most essentialRead MoreSmoking Cessation Program For New Zealand : Smoke Free 2025 Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pagessmoke is immensely harmful to one’s health. Cigarettes contain about 600 ingredients, when this burned can generate 7,000 chemicals according to American Lung Association Many ad campaigns and literatures have been published on the detriments of smoking. Medical reports further shows that half of all long-term smokers will die from a smoking-related disease. This unhealthy practice must be addressed by the government to lessen the medical cost to treat the ill effects of smoking. Despite all availableRead MoreDevelopment Of Workable Plans Help Individuals Maintain Healthy Lifestyle And Increase Life Expectancy1165 Words   |  5 Pagesincrease life expectancy. The data collected from these three studies was analyzed and showed how the environment impacts a person s overall health and wellbeing and how that can affect a person’s longevity. The application of the findings was used to make suggestions to improve environments like inner cities, by incorporating more green spaces, or health initiatives recommending greater awareness about positive lifestyle choices. Summary Today, with the aging population and lack of funds, society

African Americans And The American Revolution - 1122 Words

In their demands for liberty and equality, African Americans would point to their role in all of America’s wars. Many fought for liberty in the American Revolution, like Philadelphia’s James Forten who served aboard an American privateer. God created all men equal. Why are they not being treated equally? Blacks and whites should be protected by the same laws and privileges. James Forten was a freeborn African American who had a nice job and was very wealthy for his time. Forten says, â€Å"Whilst so much is being done in the world, to ameliorate the condition of mankind, and the spirit of Freedom is marching with rapid strides and causing tyrants to tremble, may America awake from the apathy in which she has long slumbered.† The northern states were slowly starting to abolish slavery and some the whites in Pennsylvania did not like all of the free slaves in their state still. Pennsylvania was once a refuge for free African Americans. Forten demanded to be treated the same as whites and have full citizenship. I agree that African Americans are created equally and should be protected by the same laws. The legal principles James Forten used were the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. Those two documents are the most important in American history. Forten appealed to what God has spoken. â€Å"So God created man in his [own] image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them.† (Genesis 1:27) His ideas were formed by Thomas Paine and other famousShow MoreRelatedAfrican American And The American Revolution1277 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican American and the American Revolution â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† The American Revolution is considered one of the greatest and most memorable eras in United States history. Colonist were under the rule of the British which eventually created a problem for them. They came to the realization that being under GreatRead MoreAfrican Americans During The American Revolution1686 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the American Revolution, African Americans fought on both sides. Those who fought were given their freedom and, in some instances, provided with land after the war. African American slaves who fought for the Loyalists were resettled after the war in places such as Nova Scotia, Upper and Lower Canada, and England. Those, however, who were on ships that went to the Caribbean remained slaves until 1834 when slavery was abolished in the British colonies. African American freemen and slaves, althoughRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution And African Americans1562 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough the Haitian Revolution inspired many revolts made from African Americans, African American themselves were not significantly responsible for slavery’s end. However, different regions had different circumstances that caused African Americans to either have an abundance amount of influence to slavery’s end or little to no influence. The reason being is due to the level of resistance that varied depending on the location of the slaves. Many of the slaves had to depend on the number of supportersRead MoreWomen and African American Roles After the American Revolution754 Words   |  4 PagesThe roles of many started changing after the American Revolution, in what could be done and who was able to do it. This began the revolution of people who now had a taste of what the future could hold and how important their role would be in making sure it is better for all future generations. In particular women and African-Americans, two groups of individuals who for very different reasons were looked at as inferior and could only do so much in the grand scheme of things. These two groups wereRead MoreEvery Revolution Gives Birth to Another: Lives of African-American Women and Native American Women622 Words   |  3 PagesEvery Revolution Gives Birth to Another When Americans look back at the ways in which African American women and Native American women as recently as not much more than a century ago, they might well be shocked at the ways in which their lives were limited by both legal and cultural restrictions. Since then they have made significant progress towards equality, although both groups lag behind other American demographic groups in terms of life expectancy, chronic disease, work opportunities, wagesRead MoreThe Revolutionary War Of Independence1366 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Revolution which began as a War of Independence for American quickly transformed into a civil battle between the American patriots and loyalists joined by Indian forces. This war of independence, irrefutably, had a great effect on the citizens of America in varying degrees. The revolution, of course, gave a free rein to unforeseen political revolutions which often spark social revolutions. However, the American Revolution has foreseen the beginnin g of an abolitionist movement for AfricanRead MoreGil Scott Heron Essay1407 Words   |  6 Pagesforty years ago, however, rap music focused on an entirely different subject matter. During the 1970s, African Americans sung rap songs to express the need for Black empowerment in society; though their form of singing was not called rapping back then, it was called spoken word poetry, a form of song in which verses of poetry were performed with a fixed beat before an audience. African Americans used this style of singing to express the discontent with the economics and politics during the 1970s.Read MoreEssay The Role of African Americans in the Revolutionary War697 Words   |  3 Pages The Role of African Americans in the Revolutionary War An estimated 100,000 African Americans escaped, died or were killed during the American Revolution(Mount). Roughly 95% of African Americans in the United States were slaves, and because of their status, the use of them during the revolution was inevitable(Mount). This led many Americans, especially those from the North, to believe that the Souths economy would collapse without slavery due to the use of slaves on the front lines. However, onlyRead MoreWhy Do Some Groups Have The Status That They Do?1230 Words   |  5 PagesWhy do some groups have the status that they do? On this planet, Revolutions have played a vital role in shaping the people, and for this reason, there have been countless changes. However, when analyzing the American Revolution, it brought little to no reform for African Americans, Native Americans, and women. Of the three, women would receive the biggest increase in status, followed by African Americans, and Native Americans would slip in rank. These groups wo uld acquire some modification withRead MoreThe Role of African Americans in the Revolutionary War Essay727 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of African Americans in the Revolutionary War An estimated 100,000 African Americans escaped, died or were killed during the American Revolution(Mount). Roughly 95% of African Americans in the United States were slaves, and because of their status, the use of them during the revolution was inevitable(Mount). This led many Americans, especially those from the North, to believe that the Souths economy would collapse without slavery due to the use of slaves on the front lines. However,

Grammar Practice Test Free Essays

| | | I. Identify the clause elements in the following sentences (20 points, 2 point for each blank). 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Grammar Practice Test or any similar topic only for you Order Now Saturn is one of the most beautiful planets to look at through a telescope because of the many rings that surround it. A. Complement:_______________________________________________________ B. Adverbial:________________________________________________________ 2. The boy scouts teach their members an â€Å"Outdoor Code† before they camp. A. Direct Object:_______________________________________________________ B. Indirect Object:______________________________________________________ 3. The direction a hurricane’s spiral moves is counterclockwise. A. Subject:____________________________________________________________ B. Complement :_______________________________________________________ 4. These criminals might have been guilty of murder. A. Predicate Verb: _____________________________________________________ B. Complement: ______________________________________________________ 5. Hurricane winds can blow as fast as 180 miles (290 kilometers) an hour. A. Predicate Verb: ____________________________________________________ B. Adverbial:_______________________________________________________ | | | II. Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D (80 points, 2 point for each multiple-choice question). 1. Recently, he has lost all his _____ at cards. A. wages and saving B. wages and saving C. wage and savings D. wages and savings. 2. That magnificent _____ temple was constructed by the Chinese. A. eight-centuries-old B. old-eight-centuries C. eight-century’s-old D. eight-century-old 3. Why is there _______ traffic on the streets in February than in May? A. fewer B. less C. little D. fewer 4. The students spent ________ their time working in the field. A. both B. most C. more D. half 5. There is a truck ____ the classroom. A. in the front of B. in front of C. in front D. at the front of 6. â€Å"What is he? † â€Å"He is _____. † A. a poet and novelist B. a poet and a novelist C. poet and novelist D. the poet and novelist 7. I am determined to go there ____ instead of taking a bus. A. on the foot B. on foot C. by foot D. on two feet 8. ___ Air and Space Museum has the highest attendance record of all the museums. A. A B. An C. The D. / 9. I don’t take John’s pen because I don’t like ____. A. that pen of his B. that his pen C. his that pen D. that pen of him 10. Our home is finer than ____. A. yours and him B. your’s or his C. you and he D. yours and his 11. We consider ____ logical that not all plants can be put into practice. A. it B. that C. what D. which 12. It is a pity that ____ of her t wo husband has been capable of understanding her. A. either B. neither C. both D. each 13. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is quite ____ to perform skillfully yourself. A. any other B. another C. other thing D. some other. 14. At least he was there in time to tell his adventures to Jim while Jim did ____ of the work. A. three-fourths B. three-fourth C. threes-fourths D. threes-fourth 15. The wheels of the old wagon are nearly ____ those of a modern car. A. three times the size of B. three times size of C. three times D. threes times the sizes of 16. He ____ on me his own ideas about the novel. A. composed B. proposed C. imposed D. pposed 17. At the present system, state enterprises ____ all profits to the government. A. turn down B. turn up C. turn out D. turn in 18. Very few scientists ____ completely new answers to the world’s problem. A. come up with B. come round C. come out D. come up to 19. Important people don’t often have much free time as their work ____ all their time. A. takes away B. takes over C. takes up D. takes in 20. This article ____ more attention to the problem of cultural interference in foreign language teaching and leaning. A. cares for B. allows for C. applies for D. alls for 21. When a fire ____ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed. A. broke off B. broke down C. broke out D. broke up 22. He got word that a delegation____. A. soon has arrived B. soon arrived C. is soon going to arrive D. would soon arrive 23. It has been about 7 years since they _____. A. got married B. got marry C. get married D. have married 24. He left home in the 1970s and ____ heard of since. A. hadn’t been B. wasn’t C. not has been D. has not been 25. He ____ TV when I dropped in last night. A. as watching B. had watch C. watched D. have been watching 26. If one ____ by vanity, he will be very particular about other’s clothing and appearance. A. overcomes B. will be overcome C. is overcome D. has been overcome 27. By promoting more even income distribution in a developing country, a lower birth rate would ____. A. be achieved B. achieved C achieve D. be achieving 28. It is important that the hotel receptionist ____ that guests are registered correctly. A. has made sure B. must make sure C. made sure D. make sure 29. Had he worked harder, he ____ the exams. A. must have got through B. would get through C. would have got through D. could get through. 30. I don’t mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late. A. you to delay B. your delaying making C. your delaying to make D. you delay to make. 31. The Dream of the Red Chamber is said ____ into dozens of languages in the last decade. A. to have been translated B. to translate C. to be translated D. to have translated 32. Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper ____ it closely. A. followed B. to following C. following D. eing followed 33. All things ____, the planned trip will have to be called off. A. considered B. be considered C. considering D. having considered 34. It was essential that the application forms ____ back before the deadline. A. must be sent B. be sent C. would be sent D. were sent 35. ____ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now. A. Had it not been B. Weren’t it C. It were not D. Had it been not 36. The suggestion that the mayor ____ the prizes was accepted by everyone. A. would present B. present C. ought to present D. presents 37. I don’t think it advisable that Tome ____ to the job since he has no experience. A. is assigned B. be assigned C. will be assigned D. has been assigned 38. ____ such a good chance, he planned to learn more. A. To be given B. Having been given C. Having given D. Giving 39. I wish I ____ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. A. could have slept B. should have slept C. slept D. have slept 40. It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s time ____? A. we are going home B. we went home C. we go home D. we can go home. ———————– How to cite Grammar Practice Test, Essay examples

Organizational Behavior

Introduction Organizational behavior control is important in fostering a proactive workforce. Reflectively, the process consists of a structured human resource management system that incorporates motivation, training, organized feedback system, and evaluation procedure. Thus, this reflective treatise attempts to explicitly review organizational behavior as part of performance modifier.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior – HR Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Main Body In the article â€Å"The value of human resource management for organizational performance†, the authors dwell on performance of an organization as greatly influenced by the organization of its human resources department. Among the key issues identified by these authors as positive influencers of organization behavior include motivation, empowerment, and training (Liu, Combs, Ketchen, Ireland 2007). Refle ctively, these factors should be internalized in the human resource management system to foster proactive attitude among the staff (Wayne Liden 1995). Among the motivation enhancing practices identified by these authors include incentives, promotions, rewards, and recognition. However, the authors opine that effectives of these components depend on vertical, horizontal, and work alignments. Carson, in the article â€Å"Saying it like it isn’t: The pros and cons of 360-degree feedback†, asserts that feedback system management system may influence positive or negative perception among employees. In encoding and decoding information, it is critical to balance the wanted and unwanted grapevine (Wimbush 2006). Thus, in reviewing performance based on feedback received, the author is categorical in advising the human resource management team to handle the voluntary information with care to boost trust and confidentiality which form the pinnacle of organizational behavior. Th erefore, it is critical to balance the feedback with the goals of such an organization as a remedy towards inclusiveness and active participation which translates into desirable performance. Through training of then evaluation and performance reviewers, it is possible to establish a clear line between informal and formal office grapevines which foster a unique culture among employees. Reflectively, a complete 360 degree feedback process should operate on boosting morale and maintaining desirable confidence levels (Carson 2006). The process should be inclusive of structured evaluation and progress reporting tools.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The article â€Å"Employee Motivation: A Powerful New Model† by Nohria, Groyberg, and Lee dwells on factors that foster proactive employee attitude through motivational channels. Organizational behavior should be aligned within four models identified by these authors. These models are the motivation to acquire, bond, comprehend, and defend (Vitale Mavrinac 1995). Therefore, a proactive behavior control system should function within a structured reward system. When the system functions within accepted parameters, employees will eventually develop a self consciousness to deliver quality services and defend the organization as part of a family unit (Nohria, Groysberg, Lee 2008). Thus, the human resource management team should strive to maintain professionalism and avoid unfairness to make the process function optimally. The article, â€Å"Performance and rewards: cleaning out the stables† by Hendry, Woodward, Bradley, and Perkin introduces the aspect of planning to demystify poor performance as part of employee redundancy. Reflectively, proper use of competency review system is directly proportional to employee performance (Hendry, Woodward Bradley 2009). Therefore, organizational effectiveness sho uld be the cornerstone for modeling acceptable behavior between the management and staff (Zornitsky1995). However, the policies adopted should be aligned to the basic building blocks of performance and scope of the organization. These policies should incorporate employee-employer relationship model, performance review, and organizational social culture. Conclusion Conclusively, organizational behavior is influenced by several factors such as motivation, promotion, and structured feedback system. However, policies aimed at balancing performance and behavior should be aligned to the goals of an organization. Reference List Carson, M 2006, â€Å"Saying it like it isn’t: The pros and cons of 360-degree feedback,† Business Horizons, vol. 49, pp. 395-402Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Behavior – HR Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hendry, C., Woodward, S., Bradley, P 200 9, â€Å"Performance and rewards: cleaning out the stables,† Human Resource Management Journal, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 46-62 Liu, Y., Combs, J., Ketchen, D., Ireland, D 2007, â€Å"The value of human resource management for organizational performance,† Business Horizons, vol. 50, pp. 503-511 Nohria, N., Groysberg, B., Lee, L 2008, â€Å"Employee Motivation: A Powerful New Model,† Harvard Business Review, vol. 7, pp. 34-41 Vitale, M., Mavrinac, S. C 1995, â€Å"How effective is your performance measurement system,† Management Accounting, vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 43-47 Wayne, S. J., Liden, R. C 1995, â€Å"Effects of impression management on performance ratings: A longitudinal study,† Academy of Management Journal, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 232−260 Wimbush, J. C 2006, â€Å"Spotlight on human resource management,† Business Horizons, vol. 49, no. 6, pp. 433−436 Zornitsky, J. J 1995, â€Å"Making effective human resource management a hard bus iness issue,† Compensation and Benefits Management, vol. 11, no. 1, pp.16-24Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Organizational Behavior – HR Practices was written and submitted by user Deon N. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Organizational Behavior

Media personal statement Essays

Media personal statement Essays Media personal statement Essay Media personal statement Essay A book about TV production stated that: for most people, television is just another of those amenities that we take for granted: it is part of our everyday life like radio, films, and newspapers. Not for me. I am an overseas student from Vietnam who always knew from the bottom of her heart that TV and film production is what she wants to do above all else. I remember once I read in a book: the media is the most powerful entity on earth and without education, you are not going anywhere in this world. I wish to combine these two quotes by Malcolm X and follow my dream to become a successful producer. Taking my first step towards my dream, I headed to the UK and became a media student at Bellerbys College, Cambridge. British education has always been well-respected for its long history of successful teaching and qualifications and that is the reason why I came here. Moreover, the media industry in the UK is developing; therefore, I expect to gain a lot more knowledge here than in any other country. I have found that studying media in the UK is like learning the tricks of the trade. I feel like I am being led to a completely new world that is inside media and I love learning facts about it. I am gaining a solid background in media and I believe that being educated at degree level would enable me to enhance my interest in the subject as well as building up a strong foundation for my future career. Furthermore, University would enable me to expand my knowledge as a media student and I am sure I would enjoy attending the workshops. Even though I only started the media course at college in January 2008, I have been involved in different aspects of media for a few years. As I am so attracted to TV and film production, I had worked on producing a variety of media projects in high school in Vietnam. This included organizing school ceremonies, setting up shows, airing the school radio station and editing the school magazine. I also have a part-time job at Budgens Ltd to improve my communication and team-work skills. These activities enabled me to coordinate and control all aspects of production, ranging from show idea development and cast hiring to fact-checking to be a successful producer. Whilst at sixth form, as well as taking part in college life, I also like to watch commercials and shows on TV from various countries, such as Korea, Japan, America, and Britain to update my knowledge. Besides, travelling is passion of mine; it gives me the ability to see the world and to experience different cultures and life styles. As a Vietnamese girl who has a wide knowledge about her countrys culture, I believe that I am able to introduce to the university, in the best way, my lovely mother land. Last but not least, I am currently studying Maths, Psychology and Media at A-level. I hope that Maths as well as AS-level Business studies have been invaluable in teaching me to deal with numbers so that I will be able to make my shows profitable. Psychology has provided me with an introduction to research methods and by applying its principles in my most recent media modules, I have widened my knowledge base, allowing me the opportunity to produce my own study on a contemporary topic and thus develop my skills further. With all of my skills, my personality and my ambition, I believe that the university course I have chosen will suit me.

History of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

History of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars After the French Revolution transformed France and threatened the old order of Europe, France fought a series of wars against the monarchies of Europe to first protect and spread the revolution, and then to conquer territory. The later years were dominated by Napoleon and France’s enemy was seven coalitions of European states. At first,  Napoleon first bought success, transforming his military triumph into a political one, gaining the position of First Consul and then Emperor. But more war was to follow, perhaps inevitably given how Napoleon’s position was dependent upon military triumph, his predilection for solving issues through battle, and how the monarchies of Europe still looked at France as a dangerous enemy. Origins When the French revolution overthrew the monarchy of Louis XVI and declared new forms of government, the country found itself at odds with the rest of Europe. There were ideological divisions - the dynastic monarchies and empires opposed the new, partly republican thinking - and family ones, as relatives of those affected complained. But the nations of central Europe also had their eyes on dividing Poland between them, and when in 1791 Austria and Prussia issued the Declaration of Pillnitz - which asked Europe to act to restore the French monarchy – they actually worded the document to prevent war. However, France misinterpreted and decided to launch a defensive and pre-emptive war, declaring one in April 1792. The French Revolutionary Wars There were initial failures, and an invading German army took Verdun and marched close to Paris, promoting the September Massacres of Parisian prisoners. The French then pushed back at Valmy and Jemappes, before going further in their aims. On November 19th, 1792, the National Convention issued a promise of assistance to all people looking to regain their liberty, which was both a new idea for warfare and the justification to create allied buffer zones around France. On December 15th, they decreed that the revolutionary laws of France – including the dissolution of all aristocracy – were to be imported abroad by their armies. France also declared a set of expanded ‘natural borders’ for the nation, which put the emphasis on annexation rather than just ‘liberty’. On paper, France had set itself the task of opposing, if not overthrowing, every king to keep itself safe. A group of European powers opposed to these developments was now working as the First Coalition, the start of seven such groups formed to fight France before the end of 1815. Austria, Prussia, Spain, Britain and the United Provinces (Netherlands) fought back, inflicting reverses on the French which prompted the latter to declare a ‘levy en masse’, effectively mobilizing the whole of France into the army. A new chapter in warfare had been reached, and army sizes now began to rise greatly. The Rise of Napoleon and the Switch in Focus The new French armies had success against the coalition, forcing Prussia to surrender and pushing the others back. Now France took the chance to export the revolution, and the United Provinces became the Batavian Republic. In 1796, the French Army of Italy was judged to have been underperforming and was given a new commander called Napoleon Bonaparte, who’d first been noticed in the siege of Toulon. In a dazzling display of manoeuvre, Napoleon defeated Austrian and allied forces and forced the Treaty of Campo Formio, which earned France the Austrian Netherlands, and cemented the position of the French-allied republics in North Italy. It also allowed Napoleon’s army, and the commander himself, to gain large amounts of looted wealth. Napoleon was then given a chance to pursue a dream: attack in the Middle East, even on into threatening the British in India, and he sailed to Egypt in 1798 with an army. After initial success, Napoleon failed in a siege of Acre. With the French fleet seriously damaged in the Battle of the Nile against British Admiral Nelson, the Army of Egypt was greatly restricted: it could not get reinforcements and it could not leave. Napoleon soon left – some critics might say abandoned – this army to return to France when it looked like a coup would take place. Napoleon was able to become the centerpiece of a plot, levering his success and power in the army to become First Consul of France in the Coup of Brumaire in 1799. Napoleon then acted against the forces of the Second Coalition, an alliance which had gathered to exploit Napoleon’s absence and which involved Austria, Britain, Russia, the Ottoman Empire and other smaller states. Napoleon won the Battle of Marengo in 1800. Along with a victory by French general Moreau at Hohenlinden against Austria, France was thus able to defeat the Second Coalition. The result was France as the dominant power in Europe, Napoleon as a national hero and a possible end to the warfare and chaos of the revolution. The Napoleonic Wars Britain and France were briefly at peace but soon argued, the former wielding a superior navy and great wealth. Napoleon planned an invasion of Britain and gathered an army to do so, but we don’t know how serious he was about ever carrying it out. But Napoleon’s plans became irrelevant when Nelson again defeated the French with his iconic victory at Trafalgar, shattering Napoleon’s naval strength. A third coalition now formed in 1805, allying Austria, Britain, and Russia, but victories by Napoleon at Ulm and then the masterpiece of Austerlitz broke the Austrians and Russians and forced an end to the third coalition. In 1806 there were Napoleonic victories, over Prussia at Jena and Auerstedt, and in 1807 the Battle of Eylau was fought between a fourth coalition army of Prussians and Russians against Napoleon. A draw in the snow in which Napoleon was nearly captured, this marks the first major setback for the French General. The stalemate led to the Battle of Friedland, where Napoleon did win against Russia and ended the Fourth Coalition. The Fifth coalition formed and had success by blunting Napoleon at the Battle Aspern-Essling in 1809, when Napoleon tried to force a way across the Danube. But Napoleon regrouped and tried once more, fighting the Battle of Wagram against Austria. Napoleon won, and the Archduke of Austria open peace talks. Much of Europe was now either under direct French control or technically allied. There were other wars – Napoleon invaded Spain to install his brother as king, but instead triggered a brutal guerrilla war and the presence of a successful British field army under Wellington – but Napoleon remained largely master of Europe, creating new states such as the German Confederation of the Rhine, giving crowns to family members, but bizarrely forgiving some difficult subordinates. The Disaster in Russia The relationship between Napoleon and Russia began to fall apart, and Napoleon resolved to act quickly to overawe the Russian tsar and bring him to heel. To this end, Napoleon gathered what was probably the largest army ever assembled in Europe, and certainly a force too big to adequately support. Looking for a quick, dominant victory, Napoleon pursued a retreating Russian army deep into Russia, before winning the carnage that was the Battle of Borodino and then taking Moscow. But it was a pyrrhic victory, as Moscow was set alight and Napoleon was forced to retreat through the bitter Russian winter, damaging his army and ruining the French cavalry. The Final Years With Napoleon on the back foot and obviously vulnerable, a new Sixth Coalition was organized in 1813, and pushed across Europe, advancing where Napoleon was absent, and retreating where he was present. Napoleon was forced back as his ‘allied’ states took the chance to throw off the French yoke. 1814 saw the coalition enter the borders of France and, abandoned by his allies in Paris and many of his marshals, Napoleon was forced into surrendering. He was sent to the island of Elba in exile. The 100 Days With time to think while exiled in Elba, Napoleon resolved to try again, and in 1815 he returned to Europe. Amassing an army as he marched to Paris, turning those sent against him to his service, Napoleon attempted to rally support by making liberal concessions. He soon found himself faced by another coalition, the Seventh of the French Revolutionary and Napoleon Wars, which included Austria, Britain, Prussia and Russia. Battles were fought at Quatre Bras and Ligny before the Battle of Waterloo, where an allied army under Wellington withstood the French forces under Napoleon until a Prussian army under Blà ¼cher arrived to give the coalition the decisive advantage. Napoleon was defeated, retreated, and forced to abdicate once more. Peace The monarchy was restored in France, and the heads of Europe gathered at the Congress of Vienna to redraw the map of Europe. Over two decades of tumultuous warfare had finished, and Europe would not be so disrupted again until World War 1 in 1914. France had used two million men as soldiers, and up to 900,000 had not come back. Opinion varies on whether the war devastated a generation, some arguing that the level of conscription was only a fraction of the possible total, others pointing out that the casualties came heavily from one age group.

Signal Processing and Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Signal Processing and Communication - Essay Example I feel that as our next-door neighbors, India and China, have experienced in recent years, information technology is one of the most important triggers of economic and social development. My personal conviction is that I can give my family and my country a better future by pursuing this vocational path. I was attracted to your University because your graduate program in engineering enjoys a positive reputation in my country. Your modern research facilities, qualified faculty, and industrial partnerships with some of the most well-known companies in the world made me think that studying at the University of Delaware will give me the competence and flexibility I need to excel in such a vast and rapidly changing field. I plan to undertake research and coursework in Electrical Engineering to enhance my competencies in this field, with the goal of completing a Master's degree in your University. I am most interested in going more deeply into the field of electrical and electronic control systems, and signal processing and communications (SPC). I have been fascinated by this field, which has made possible many of the technological wonders that are benefiting so many people in the world. SPC has allowed better and greater communication, improving human and cultural relationships within nations and across continents, helping economies grow and escape from poverty, and opening up new business opportunities for young people like me who dream of a brighter future for us all. I have checked the University's website (UD, 2006) and was attracted by the ongoing research areas, most specifically digital imaging and communications, wireless communications, and image and video digital signatures. I realize that once I get accepted, I will have to be more specific with my choices, but this is something I hope to finalize as I learn more about the potentials of the different areas of research. What I appreciate most is having a wide range to choose from and having an idea of what to expect when I (hopefully) get there. I believe that becoming part of a research team in your University will help me influence the future in a positive way. Are there special circumstances related to your academic record that you feel we should know about I completed my Bachelors degree in Electrical Engineering from the Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology in Bangladesh. I did very well in my courses in (here, you can list down 4 or 5 courses, or maybe even more, where you got the best marks, e.g., Calculus, Physics, Electronics Communications, Signal Processing, and Engineering Electives in Analog Electronics and Engineering Electromagnetics). I had excellent professors (it might be good to mention if one of them graduated from a U.S. university, or maybe even the University of Delaware) who taught us very well and motivated us to excel. I did not do as well in two subjects (here you can give an explanation of subjects where you received low marks),